Task specialization across research careers

Pharmacy practice research careers.

Research is critical to the advancement of pharmacy practice. The need for pharmacistresearchers who possess both clinical knowledge and biomedical research skills has long been recognized. A variety of career pathways are available for individuals entering the profession of pharmacy that allow them to embark on a career in research. However, many students and graduates of schools or colleges o...

Careers in cardiovascular outcomes research.

To best understand the field and goals of outcomes research, it is important to appreciate the challenges that confront our healthcare system. Although considerable advances in patient care have been made over the last several decades, patients, physicians, and payers continue to struggle with rising costs and inefficiencies, poor application of evidence to clinical care, fragmentation, misalig...

Careers in basic cardiovascular research.

The opportunities in basic science for graduating PhD students and for aspiring physician-scientists have never been so extraordinary. The sequencing of the human genome and the development of the human haplotype map have enabled scientists to begin to unravel the basis of complex multigenic disorders. Rapid developments in stem cell biology are affecting many areas of cardiovascular biology an...

Modified output in task-based EFL classes across gender

AbstractThe current study examined the modification devices (MDs) used by non-native speakers (NNSs) learning EFL during dyadic task-based interactions. Three meaning-oriented tasks, namely picture-description, spot-the-difference, and opinion-exchange, were used to elicit data from 24(12 male and 12 female, forming 4 male-male, 4 female-female, and 4 male-female dyads) Iranian EFL learners wit...

Within- and Across-Product Specialization Revisited